In the formula tool, you can generate uniform random values using the RAND() function.
I would like to have similar functionality to get normal random values by calling RANDN().

As a workaround, the values can be produced from a Python tool using
numpy.random.randn()
Python documentation on numpy.random.randn.
The full script below produces 100 random normal values in a column called 'Normal_Rand'.
The zip file has both a direct workflow and macro solution to produce the random normal values.