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SUBMIT YOUR IDEAI got the same answer as you.
I interpreted Question 1 as the greatest year in the past (<2020) that had male numbers above female
I really don't see how Question 2 can be different though...
Like others I didn't get the same output as the solution, which I think is due to interpretation of the questions. As far as I can tell my solution works for my interpretation of the question (as I'd hope!), but I'm curious to see if and how people have got to the same output...
A wise person once said "If you have to repeat something more than 3 times, use a macro". Thus I did not use a macro...
A good lesson in investigating data and doing some engineering. Showing the solution before and after the fix. Both solutions differ from the the stated.
having looked through @jasperlch solution at least for question 1, I understand now where the discrepancy comes from, and why so many people posted a different solution:
Question 1 asks for the "last year in which there were more men than women in a Latin American country"; you have to add "before it switches to more women", something like that. For example, Peru has more men then women in 2015, but that stays the same in 2020; but for Costa Rica as well as República Dominicana / Dominican Republic, 2015 shows more men, but in 2020 they both have more women. So, in that sense, 2015 is "the last year in which there were more men than women in a Latin American country" .
Tricky..
My answers differed from solution as well- but seemed to match everyone else's. 1st question is different.