Can someone please explain to me, simply, what the formula means/ what it is doing and are there any alternative ways.
Thank you .
Can you include some data please. It looks like it's trying to assign a period to a given date.
It is subtracting 3 months from a field [To Date] and the current day, then it gets the year and month from both fields.
The year is multiplied by 100 and then added to the month - 2022-03-01 becomes 202200+03=202203
The MAX determines which value is greatest.
There may be alternative ways such as using DateTimeFormat to generate the value instead of the multiplication and addition. It may depend on what is done with the value in your workflow.